Aikace -aikacen Tsarin AC Servo A Layin Yin Shirye -shiryen Roll Cold Roll

1.2 Wannan labarin yayi nazari da kuma tattauna na'urorin sarrafa pre-bushi da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na shigo da shiryayye shafi sanyi lankwasawa samar line ta amfani da AC servo iko manufa, da kuma kokarin cimma manufar da bukatun high matsayi daidaito iko a da yawa sanyi. lankwasawa. Ƙarfafa takwarorinsu.
2. The aiki manufa na shiryayye sanyi lankwasawa kafa line
2.1 Ainihin samar da tsari da kayan aiki abun da ke ciki na shiryayye sanyi yi kafa line:
2.1.1 Babban tsarin samar da kayan aikin shiryayye shine: uncoiling, leveling, servo feed, punching, forming, rolling, straightening, yanke-to-tsawon, marufi, post-spraying magani, da dai sauransu.;
2.1.2 The m kayan aiki ne: uncoiler, leveling inji, servo ciyar na'urar, latsa, sanyi lankwasawa mirgina niƙa mike kai na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa sabon na'urar da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tashar baler ko wasu karin kayan aiki + lantarki kula da tsarin, da dai sauransu.
2.2 Ainihin ka'ida na AC servo kula da tsarin na shiryayye sanyi yi layi kafa:
Kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 1.
2.3 Tsarin ya ƙunshi sassa biyar, wato kwamfuta, servo drive control card, AC servo speed control system, firikwensin ganowa da amsawa, da kuma tsarin aiwatar da babban aikin taimako. Babban tsarin kulawa shine kawai 'yan ɗaruruwan K, yana gudana ƙarƙashin tsarin aiki na DOS, ana haɗa babban microcomputer mai sarrafawa zuwa katin kula da servo drive ta tashar tashar buga LP1, kuma yana aika umarni ko umarni na sauri ta hanyar layin bayanai, daidaitawa ko daidaitawa ko saita sigogin daidaitawa na PID, duba Bayan adadi, da yin jujjuya dijital-zuwa-analog, fitar da siginar analog na ± 10V ta hanyar allon sarrafawa daidai kuma fitar da motar servo bayan an haɓaka ta AC servo amplifier. Tsarin madaidaicin madauki ko rufaffiyar madauki na tsarin kula da martani yana ƙaruwa ta motar shasha karshen. Ƙididdigar hoto mai ƙididdigewa yana ba da sigina don kammala bayanin matsayi na tsarin servo matsayi. Abun ji a cikin madaidaicin ra'ayi na madaidaicin-increamental photoelectric encoder yana watsa canje-canjen ƙaura na ainihin lokaci na sassan motsi zuwa rukunin a cikin nau'i na nau'i na nau'i na A da B. Ana yin ƙidayar bugun bugun zuciya a cikin tashar sarrafawa don samun bayanin matsayin dijital. Bayan babban microcomputer mai sarrafawa yana ƙididdige rarrabuwa tsakanin matsayi da aka ba da ainihin matsayi, ana ɗaukar dabarun sarrafa PID daidai gwargwadon kewayon karkatacciyar hanya, kuma ana canza aikin sarrafa dijital zuwa analog ta hanyar jujjuyawar dijital-zuwa-analog. Sarrafa wutar lantarki da fitar da shi zuwa amplifier na servo, kuma a ƙarshe daidaita motsin motar, kammala ƙimar da ake so na maimaitawar madaidaicin madaidaicin kulawa, kuma gane ƙananan kuskure da matsayi mai mahimmanci a cikin tsarin sarrafawa; sannan babban tsarin kulawa yana ba da aiki na tsarin aiwatar da tsarin aiwatarwa na ƙarin umarnin don kammala takamaiman aikin birki na inji, latsa motsi motsi, tashawar motsi na hydraulic, da sauransu.
2.4 Babban fasalulluka na wannan rukunin: babban farashin saka hannun jari na lokaci ɗaya, babban ikon AC servo yana da wasu iyakoki, amma farashin aiki daga baya yana da ƙasa, musamman yawan yawan amfanin ƙasa na abubuwan shiryayye, daidaitattun samfuran, kewayon aikace-aikacen da ƙari mai yawa. ƙimar fitarwa .
3. Nazari da ka'idar aiki na mai ba da abinci ta atomatik da na'urar naushi
3.1 Na'urar ciyarwa ta atomatik na tsarin riga-kafi na sanyi lankwasawa samar da layin samar da ginshiƙin shiryayye ya ƙunshi babba da ƙananan biyu na rollers jagorar φ75. Babban ikon aiki ya fito ne daga motar AC servo, wanda ya dogara da juzu'i tsakanin farantin kayan da na sama da na ƙasa na jagora. Ciyarwar tilastawa, ramukan rarraba karfen tsiri na ginshiƙin shiryayye suna hatimi akan latsa. An nuna babban zane a cikin Hoto 2. An tsara wannan na'urar ta asali azaman tsarin sarrafa servo na 3.7KW na Prouder, Amurka. Daga baya, saboda haɓaka sabbin samfura, nauyin watsa aikin ya karu, kuma bisa ga ka'idar aiki da aka nuna a cikin Hoto 2, ikon matsayi tsakanin sashin sarrafa wutar lantarki da ikon AC servo ya fi dacewa ta hanyar siginar analog na ± 10V. , Babu iyakar wutar lantarki akan tsarin AC servo, kuma ana iya maye gurbinsa bisa manufa. Yana da goyon bayan AC servo mai kula da AC servo motor na 5KW servo amplifier model MR-J2S-jerin Mitsubishi Corporation, kuma bisa ga samar da daidaito bukatun na daidai shiryayye aka gyara da kuma kayyade servo iko daidaito: ± 0.1, sa'an nan The rabo daga cikin kewaye na aunawa nadi zuwa auna daidaito kewayon ne kamar: 1178. Rotary encoders sama 1200PPR ya kamata a yi amfani da, da matsayi daidaito kula bukatun za a iya samu da kyau a cikin shekaru hudu na aikace-aikace.
3.2 Mitsubishi MR-J2 servo tsarin yana da halaye na mai kyau na'ura amsa, low-gudun kwanciyar hankali, da kuma mafi kyau duka jihar daidaitawa ciki har da inji tsarin. Amsar mitar saurin yana sama da 550HZ, wanda ya dace sosai don lokuttan matsayi mai sauri. Don kayan aiki tare da ƙãra lokacin nauyi na inertia rabo da rashin ƙarfi tauri.
3.3 Na'urar ciyarwa ta atomatik ta ƙunshi tsarin da aka nuna a hoto na 3. (1) firikwensin photoelectric 1 # yafi ciyar da mayar da matsayin bel ɗin karfe yana shiga wurin aiki na latsa, kamar: kayan da suka wuce, rashin kayan aiki. , da sauransu; ⑵ Ana jagorantar motar servo zuwa ƙasa ta hanyar kaya akwatin abin nadi na ciyarwa yana watsa ikon isarwa. The kayarabon watsa akwatin i da saurin motar yana ƙayyade saurin ciyarwa da sakawa na tsarin; (3) Rotary encoder yana auna siginar matsayi wanda babban jagorar abin nadi ya watsa ta cikin motsi tare da kayan takarda. ⑷Birki na inji yana gane matsayi Matsayin baya yana daidaitawa; ⑸photoelectric firikwensin 2 # gane watsa siginar matsayi da ake buƙata ta hanyar sarrafa aikin jarida; ⑹ na sama da ƙananan molds gane naushi na rami matsayi; ana buƙatar madaidaicin ton ɗin buga buga jarida, daidaitaccen daidaiton kayan aikin injin ko mold, da dai sauransu.
3.4 ƙayyadaddun ƙimar matakin ciyarwar kowane mutu an ƙaddara ta hanyar saita PC ɗin daidaitaccen adadin bugun bugun jini ko kwatancen ƙimar ƙimar tsayi, kuma ana daidaita shi ta hanyar ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'aunin kusurwa wanda aka haɗa zuwa babban abin nadi jagora, don gane. da stam Daidaitacce, babban madaidaici, kuma babu tararrakin ciyarwar mataki mara kuskure stam na takardar kayan. Ana sarrafa kuskuren da aka tara ta hanyar kuskuren ramuwa algorithm da aka saita a cikin shirin ko gyaran hannu don tabbatar da nisa mai inganci na ginshiƙin shiryayye. Aiki ya tabbatar da amfani sosai.
3.5 A atomatik ciyar na'urar a cikin kayan aiki tsarin shawo kan shortcomings na manual ciyar da shiryayye shafi pre-bude lebur karfe bel. Yana da halaye na aiki mai sauƙi, aiki mai dogara, da daidaito mai girma. Zai iya inganta haɓaka aikin aiki sosai. Zai iya cimma sau 70 tare da babban sauri da madaidaicin latsawa. Ana iya raba mitar aiki zuwa sassa biyu, kuma matsa lamba na aiki zai iya kaiwa sama da 2500KN, wanda zai iya samar da tsarin aiki mai zaman kansa.
4. Analysis da aiki manufa na shiryayye yankan na'urar
4.1 Ka'idar kulawa ta asali iri ɗaya ce kuma tana raba tsarin haɗin kai. Halayensa sune: siginar lamba na matsayi na rami a kan ginshiƙi na shiryayye an auna ta ta hanyar canza launin hoto mai haske. A wasu adadin ramuka, babban tsarin kulawa na ciki yana canza adadin yanayin ma'aunin ramuka zuwa yanayin ma'auni na tsayi, kuma haka nan ya cika ra'ayin matsayi da matsayi na tsarin servo matsayi. Babban microcomputer mai sarrafawa yana ƙididdige rarrabuwa tsakanin matsayi da aka ba da ainihin matsayi, kuma yana daidaita shi cikin lokaci. Motar AC servo tana motsawa kuma tana kammala matsayi na ƙimar da ake so, babban motsi yana tsayawa kuma yana jagorantar na'urar yanke-tsalle don sarrafa solenoid. bawul don samar da jerin ayyukan yankewa;
4.2 Babban bambanci tsakanin yanayin sarrafawa na yanke-kashe na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da kuma yanayin sarrafawa na shinge mai tashi: ① Matsakaicin kulawa da yankewar hydraulic yana da girma, kuma mafi girman daidaito shine: ± game da 0.1mm kuma babu kuskuren tarawa, wanda shine yafi bayyana a cikin m incremental photoelectric encoder High daidaici da kuma kula da jerin bukatun, da kayan aiki lokaci daya zuba jari ne high; amma yawan amfanin ƙasa na farko yana da girma, yawan amfani da kayan aiki yana da girma, kuma mai kula da kullun yana buƙatar ƙara haɓakawa da sake saita na'urar, kuma tsarin sarrafawa yana da sauƙi; ② A cikin ka'idar sarrafawa, tasha na hydraulic Shear shine cikakkiyar daidaiton sarrafawa, babu kuskuren bambance-bambancen saurin gudu, da sauransu. rashin tabbas na dokar aiki da sauri ko juriya na naúrar da nauyin aikin. Babban saurin motsi na sarrafa juzu'i mai tashi yana da ingantacciyar daidaituwa, wanda ke dacewa da saiti da daidaita sigogin aiki na kayan aikin walda masu goyan baya. Babban madaidaicin motsi na yanayin kula da shinge na hydraulic ya fi rikitarwa kuma babban juzu'i mai sauƙi da jujjuyawar motsi wasu lokuta suna da tsayin tsayin lokacin daidaitawa; ④ Ayyukan samar da kayan aiki sun bambanta sosai, kuma aikin samar da kayan aiki na jirgin sama yana da girma, kuma yana da sauƙi don aiwatar da sarrafa sarrafawa; ⑤ Abubuwan da ake buƙata don kula da kayan aiki da sarrafa aiki sun bambanta sosai. ⑥ Yanayin yanke-kashe na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ya fi dacewa don magance lahani da aka yanke kamar yanke nakasawa da sake dawo da bayanan bayanan sanyi. A taƙaice, wajibi ne don ƙirƙira da zaɓar hanyoyin sarrafa kayan aiki masu dacewa bisa ga halaye na samfuran sanyi don samun matsakaicin fa'ida.
5 Matsaloli da yawa a cikin ƙirar tsarin sarrafawa
5.1 Sarrafa daidaiton siginar shigarwa: Matsakaicin kewayawar abin nadi zuwa kewayon daidaiton aunawa a ƙarshe yana ƙayyadaddun daidaiton sarrafawar samfur. Ya kamata a zaɓi samfurin da ya fi girma kamar yadda zai yiwu, kuma ya kamata a zaɓi kayan ma'auni mai dacewa da lambar sadarwa tsakanin abin nadi da ɓangaren sanyi. Damping da na roba coefficient don ƙara yawan juzu'i da matsa lamba don hana kurakuran zamewa a cikin tsarin aunawa.
5.2 Gudanar da daidaito na siginar fitarwa: Bambanci a cikin madaidaicin matsayi PID sarrafa algorithm yana ƙayyade daidaiton sarrafawa da sakamakon da aka samu ta hanyar sarrafa PID. Misali, hanyar warwarewa tana da hanyar amsa mataki, kuma ana ɗaukar halaye uku na ayyuka bisa ga halayen sarrafawa: 1), kawai Akwai iko daidai gwargwado; 2), PI iko; 3), sarrafa PID; da aiwatar da lissafin PID bisa ga sifar saurin da ma'aunin ƙima mai ƙima, da aiwatar da ƙididdige ƙididdiga masu inganci da mara kyau da sarrafawa ƙarƙashin daidaitattun buƙatun.
5.3 Tuna da sigogin tsarin PID: Babban microcomputer mai sarrafawa yana aika sigogin PID zuwa katin sarrafawa don ganin ko sigogin da aka bayar sun cika buƙatun tsarin sarrafawa. Ana buƙatar aiwatar da wannan tsari ta hanyar daidaita ma'auni. Babban aikin daidaita ma'auni shine ƙayyade K, A, B da lokacin samfur. Matsakaicin adadin K yana ƙaruwa, ta yadda tsarin servo drive yana da hankali kuma yana amsawa cikin sauri. Duk da haka, idan yana da girma sosai, zai haifar da oscillation kuma lokacin daidaitawa zai fi tsayi; haɗin haɗin haɗin A zai haɓaka, Zai iya kawar da kuskuren tsarin tsarin, amma an rage kwanciyar hankali; Ikon bambance-bambancen B na iya inganta halayen haɓakawa, rage yawan wuce gona da iri, da rage lokacin daidaitawa Mai ƙidayar lokaci. Ƙayyadaddun tsarin daidaitawa yana buƙatar inganta tsarin sarrafawa da kuma hanyar daidaita ma'auni na na'urar PID na madauki na matsayi na dijital don tsara sigogin daidaitawa a kan shafin da ainihin saitunan daidaitawa na kan layi, kuma saita su daban bisa ga samfurori ko kaya daban-daban. yanayi, in ba haka ba tsarin kula da matsayi zai kasance cikin sauƙi. Al'amarin oscillation. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin buɗaɗɗen daidaitawa saita a cikin shirin ƙira.
5.4 Ana sarrafa daidaiton injina na tsarin a cikin takamaiman kewayon kuskure, kuma ana iya inganta daidaiton sarrafa wutar lantarki. Haɗe tare da babban aiki AC servo drive tsarin, zai iya saduwa da bukatun high-madaidaicin matsayi iko a lokuta da dama, da kuma inganta yadda ya dace da matsayi matsayi. Da kuma daidaito.
5.5 Babban shirin shine tsarin sarrafa AC servo bisa tsarin ci gaban PC. Babban ayyuka sune: tattaunawa na injina don daidaita bayanan samar da samfur, saitunan ma'aunin na'ura da saitin ma'aunin PID, da sauransu; don gane canja wurin bayanai da aiki tsakanin PC da kayayyaki, da matsayi madauki PID iko algorithm da kuma sarrafa motsi na servo motor, gane da mataki na daban-daban alaka kayan aiki, da dai sauransu Wasu kamar: saitin da daidaitawa na stamping mataki nesa, da daidaitaccen daidaitawa na kowane lambar bugun bugun fitarwa a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun ƙimar tsayi, daidaiton kulawar latsa, daidaiton ciyarwar servo da saiti da daidaita ƙimar tsayin ciyarwar servo duk buɗe zane ne.
5.6 Babban zane na shirin yana la'akari da sassan shirin gargadi na gazawar wasu kayan aiki, wanda ke inganta aikin kayan aiki da sarrafa ingancin samar da samfur, kuma yana rage lokacin bincikar gazawar kayan aiki zuwa wani ɗan lokaci.
6 ƙarshe
6.1 Aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen yana nuna cewa zaɓi na tsarin AC servo mai ma'ana zai iya biyan bukatun tsarin sarrafawa tare da saurin amsawa da sauri, daidaitaccen sauri, da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Ainihin daidaiton sarrafa matsayin aikace-aikacen ya kai kusan 0.1mm kuma yana iya guje wa tara kurakurai. Ana iya amfani da wannan tsarin kulawa a cikin samar da ingantaccen tsarin buɗewa na samfuran ƙarfe mai sanyi, musamman samfuran kama da ginshiƙan shiryayye, wato, layin samar da sanyi don ƙirar ƙarfe mai sanyi da ramuka da aka riga aka buga tare da. high-madaidaicin matsayi rami a tarnaƙi.
6.2 A AC servo tsarin amfani da shiryayye sanyi yi kafa samar line iya lalle kai high matsayi iko daidaito; kuma ana iya amfani da yanayin pre-punching da yanayin tsayawar hydraulic da kansa, kamar tsarin samar da katako na shiryayye, babu yanayin riga-kafi, da sauransu.

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