kasata babbar kasa ce mai masana'antu. A cikin tsarin samar da masana'antu, tsarin suturar ya ƙunshi masana'antu da yawa, ciki har da duk masana'antun da ke cikin aikin gyaran fuska, irin su kera motoci da kiyayewa, kayan daki, kayan aikin gida, sarrafa samfuran ƙarfe, faranti mai launi, da kwantena. , Jirgin ruwa, kayan aikin lantarki, masana'antar bututu, da dai sauransu.

Masana'antar sutura ta kasance a fagen sabbin kayan. Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da muhalli sun haɗa da: kayan kwalliyar ruwa, kayan kwalliyar foda, kayan warkarwa na radiation da manyan kayan kwalliya. Kamar yadda rufin muhalli har yanzu yana cikin farkon matakan bincike da haɓakawa, wasu mahimman batutuwan fasaha ba a warware su ba. Sabili da haka, yin amfani da kayan shafa mai ƙarfi yana lissafin 50-60 na jimlar sutura. Abubuwan da aka samu na suturar masana'antu a cikin ƙasata a cikin 2009 shine ton miliyan 9.114, wanda abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙarfi sun kai 60. Abubuwan da aka samu a cikin 2010 (Littafin Rubutun Masana'antu na China, 2011) ya kai tan miliyan 9.7. Daga cikin su, kayan da aka yi da ƙarfi sun kai 52.1. Kimanin tan miliyan 3.5 na VOCs (ciki har da na bakin ciki da ake amfani da shi a cikin sutura) suna jujjuyawa cikin yanayi yayin amfani da sutura (xylene kawai yana da ɗaruruwan dubban ton), kuma gurɓataccen abu yana da ɓarna sosai. mai tsanani. Saboda saurin ci gaban da aka samu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, matsakaicin ci gaban ya kai miliyan 15. A cikin 2012, fitarwa ya kai fiye da ton miliyan 12 (shigo da ƙarar fitarwa za a iya watsi da su), wanda kayan aikin masana'antu ya kai kimanin 70, wato, kusan tan miliyan 8.4. Fitowar VOCs kusan tan miliyan 6 ne ko fiye. Ya zama mafi girma tushen fitar da hayakin VOC na masana'antu na kasar Sin, kuma ya fi yin tasiri sosai kan hayakin VOC na masana'antu na kasata.

Tsarin samarwa da aikace-aikacen zai haifar da haɗarin muhalli: irin su hayaƙin VOC, formaldehyde da ragowar ƙarfe mai nauyi, da canzawar TDI kyauta. ƙasata ta ƙirƙira jerin riguna na wajibi na ƙasa. A cikin 2009 kadai, an sake bitar ka'idojin shafa na wajibi guda biyar waɗanda "Iyakokin GB24408-2009 na Abubuwa masu haɗari a Gina Rubutun bangon waje" ke wakilta. A lokaci guda, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin kare muhalli na ƙasashen waje (kamar HAPs, VOCs, REACH, RoHS, da sauransu) sun kafa mafi girman kofa don fitar da samfuran fenti na cikin gida, albarkatun ƙasa, da samfuran ƙarshen ƙasa kamar kayan gida, kayan wasan yara. da kayan daki (Shingayen kore da shingen fasaha). A saboda wannan dalili, a karkashin halin da ake ciki na ƙara tsauraran kulawa, shi ne yanayin ci gaba na gaba ɗaya don ƙarfafa sababbin fasaha na fasaha da haɓakawa da haɓaka suturar muhalli. A lokaci guda, masu amfani waɗanda ke amfani da kayan shafa na yau da kullun suna buƙatar ƙarfafa haɓakar fasahar jiyya ta VOCs

1. Matsayin halin yanzu na fasaha na sutura da kayan aiki

Fasaha da kayan aiki na ƙasata suna haɓaka cikin sauri. Akwai babban gibi wajen kiyaye muhalli, kiyaye makamashi, rage fitar da hayaki, da kuma amfani da albarkatu. Fitar da VOC na layukan sutura da yawa ba su dace da ma'auni ba, kuma amfani da makamashi, amfani da ruwa da amfani da kayan shafa a kowane yanki mai rufi duk suna da girma, kuma babu wata manufa ta tilas. Misali, ko da yake kasata babbar kasa ce wajen kera motoci, amma ba kasa ce mai karfi ba, kuma zanen mota ba ya nan.

1) Aikin mota na al'ada (cikakkiyar sana'a)

Jiki-in-farar shiga pre-jiyya electrophoresis electrophoresis bushewa (lysate watsi) electrophoresis polishing (kura barbashi watsi) weld sealing (VOCs watsi) PVC undercarriage spraying (VOCs watsi) matsakaici shafi spraying (VOCs watsi) matsakaici shafi matakin (VOCs watsi). Matsakaicin bushewa (VOCs watsi) Rahoto mai tsaka-tsaki na ƙarshen fenti (ciki har da fenti) (haɗe da watsi da VOCs) ƙarewar fenti (VOCs watsi) bushewar fenti (VOCs watsi) gyaran wuraren bincike (VOCs watsi) taro taron bita

2) Tsarin sassa na atomatik na al'ada (cikakken tsari)

Pre-jiyya (electrophoresis electrophoresis bushewa) ko (dehydration bushewa) tsakiyar gashi fesa tsakiyar gashi leveling tsakiyar gashi bushewa saman gashi fesa saman gashi kwarara lebur fenti bushewa

3) Sana'ar kwantena na al'ada (cikakken sana'a)

Sandblasting, tutiya ayukan iska mai ƙarfi, tsakiyar shafi, spraying, tsakiyar shafi, daidaitawa, tsakiyar shafi, bushewa, saman gashi, spraying, saman gashi, kwarara, lebur fenti bushewa

4) Tsarin kayan aikin gida na al'ada (cikakken tsari)

Pre-jiyya (electrophoresis electrophoresis bushewa) ko (dehydration bushewa) tsakiyar gashi fesa tsakiyar gashi leveling tsakiyar gashi bushewa saman gashi fesa saman gashi kwarara lebur fenti bushewa pre-jiyya bushewa bushewa foda spraying foda bushewa (ba VOCs watsi)

5) Kayan aikin feshi na al'ada

Rukunin feshin da suka fi girma fiye da 95 ana tilasta su samarwa da shayar da iska mai kyau, kuma VOCs ana fitar da su kai tsaye a tsayi mai tsayi tare da ƙarancin maida hankali da girman iska. Idan ana sarrafa VOCs, dole ne a ƙara na'urar tattara bayanai na VOCs. Gidan fesa yana ɗaukar nau'in madauwari nau'in isar da iskar tilas da shaye-shaye, kuma maida hankali na VOCs yana da girma, wanda za'a iya fitarwa bayan jiyya. Wannan fom ɗin ya dace ne kawai don rumfunan feshi ta atomatik, ba don rumfunan feshin hannu ba.

6) Kayan aikin ɗaki na al'ada

Matsakaicin adadin VOCs yana da inganci kuma ana iya fitarwa bayan jiyya. Koyaya, na'urori 5-10 ne kawai a China ke sanye da na'urorin jiyya na VOCs, kuma ba a san yadda ake amfani da na'urorin jiyya a lokacin samarwa na yau da kullun ba.

7) Na'urar bushewa na fenti na al'ada

Matsakaicin adadin VOCs yana da inganci kuma ana iya fitarwa bayan jiyya. Koyaya, na'urori 5-10 ne kawai a China ke sanye da na'urorin jiyya na VOCs, kuma ba a san yadda ake amfani da na'urorin jiyya a lokacin samarwa na yau da kullun ba.

8) Na'urar jiyya na VOCs na al'ada

Na'urorin kula da VOC na gida da aka fi amfani da su ana kunna carbon adsorption, konewar catalytic, ƙona zafin jiki mai girma (RTO, TNV), ƙonawa matsakaicin zafin jiki ( faɗaɗa na'urar dumama ɗakin bushewa, kamar rukunin quaternary), da radiant VOCs magani (CIR). Ƙunƙasar carbon ɗin da aka kunna da konewar catalytic suna da ƙarancin saka hannun jari, tsadar amfani, da mummunan tasirin jiyya. Ana amfani da su gabaɗaya a cikin ƙananan layukan samarwa kuma suna da ƙarancin amfani da kayan aiki. Ƙunƙarar zafi mai zafi (RTO, TNV) yana da babban zuba jari na farko, ƙarancin amfani, da babban tasirin magani. Ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya a matsakaici da manyan layukan samarwa, kuma ƙimar amfani da kayan aiki yana da ɗanɗano kaɗan, musamman ma sharar zafin TNV ana amfani dashi a cikin ɗakin bushewa, kuma ƙimar amfani da kayan aiki yana da yawa sosai.

2. Matsalolin da suka wanzu

1) Ci gaban fasaha mara daidaituwa, suturar kare muhalli, sabbin matakai, da sabbin kayan aiki suna buƙatar haɓakawa.

Duk da cewa kasata ta zama kasa mafi girma wajen samar da fenti da masu amfani da ita, amma har yanzu ba ta yi karfi a fannin fasahar fenti da injinan fenti ba. Matsayin fasaha na nau'ikan fenti da kamfanonin cikin gida ke samarwa bai yi daidai ba, kuma matakin fasaha na injiniyan zanen gida bai yi daidai ba, kuma har yanzu ana samun kwatance. Babban gibi. Musamman ma, suturar kare muhalli, sabbin fasahohi don ceton makamashi da rage fitar da hayaki, da sabbin kayan aiki a fagage daban-daban na bukatar a inganta cikin gaggawa. Saboda kasar Sin ba ta da manufofin ceton makamashi da rage hayakin da ake bukata na tilas don yin aikin rufin asiri, kamfanoni ba su da sha'awar yin kwaskwarimar layukan samar da rufin da ake amfani da su, da yin amfani da sabbin rigunan kare makamashi da kare muhalli, sabbin matakai, da sabbin na'urori ba za su iya ba. a inganta.

2) Kamfanoni da yawa, ƙananan sikelin, ƙarancin fasahar kare muhalli, da rashin fahimtar muhalli

Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, a halin yanzu, akwai kimanin kamfanoni 8,000 da ke kera fenti a kasarmu, wadanda akasarinsu kanana ne da matsakaitan masana'antu. Ƙarƙashin ƙarancin gine-gine yana da matukar tsanani, ƙarfin samar da kayan aiki yana da yawa, ana amfani da albarkatun ɗan adam ba tare da tasiri ba, kuma akwai sharar gida mai yawa. Don babban matakin, fasahar kare muhalli ta fasaha, saka hannun jarin kayan aikin kare muhalli yana da ƙanƙanta, wasu kamfanoni suna sanye da kayan kare muhalli amma ba safai ake amfani da su ba. Don haka, ƙarfafa ƙwararrun masana'antu, jagorar halaye, faɗaɗa sikelin kasuwancin, tattara albarkatu don haɓaka suturar muhalli, da kayan aikin kare muhalli masu tsadar gaske sune batutuwa masu mahimmanci don samun ci gaba mai dorewa.

3) Yanayin da fenti mara muhalli ya mamaye yana buƙatar inganta shi

A cikin kayan fenti na ƙasata, 50-60 fenti ne na tushen ƙarfi. Yana iya sa kusan tan miliyan 3.5 na mahaɗar ƙwayoyin halitta masu canzawa (VOCs) da za a fitar da su cikin sararin samaniya kowace shekara, kuma gurɓata yanayi da sharar gida suna da muni sosai. A cikin kamfanoni masu amfani da kayan shafa mai ƙarfi, kusan 95 VOCs a cikin rumfar fesa ana fitar da su kai tsaye a tsayi mai tsayi tare da ƙarancin maida hankali da girman iska, 90 VOC a cikin ɗakin bushewa da ɗakin daidaitawa ana fitar da su kai tsaye a tsayi mai tsayi tare da babban taro da ƙaramin iska. girma, kuma sauran suna sanye take da na'urorin kula da VOCs. Koyaya, fasahar kayan aikin jiyya ta VOCs ba ta dace ba, kuma saboda babu tsarin kulawa na dogon lokaci, ƙimar amfani da kayan aikin jiyya na VOC ba ta da girma yayin samarwa na yau da kullun.

4) Tsarin da ke inganta ingantaccen ci gaban masana'antar sutura da kayan aikin kare muhalli bisa ga ka'idoji da ka'idoji ba a riga an kafa su ba.

A halin yanzu, daidaitaccen tsarin kariyar muhalli na ƙasata, tsarin fitarwa na VOCs da mahimman ƙa'idodi masu alaƙa kawai an kafa su ne kawai kuma suna buƙatar haɓakawa. Ci baya na ma'auni ya rage tafiyar da aikin masana'antar suturar ƙasata da na'urorin kare muhalli daidai da ka'idojin kasa da kasa, kuma ya shafi masana'antar suturar ƙasata da kayan aikin kare muhalli. Haɓaka gasa ta ƙasa da ƙasa.

2. Halayen shafi (spraying) aiwatar shaye gas:

(1) Yawancin lokaci tare da babban adadin abubuwan hazo na fenti da aka rufe;

(2) Akwai nau'i-nau'i iri-iri, nau'i-nau'i daban-daban da aka yi amfani da su, da kuma hadaddun kwayoyin halitta (magungunan kwayoyin halitta a cikin sutura sun hada da: benzene, ethers, lipids, ketones, alcohols, barasa ethers, hydrocarbons, da dai sauransu) Wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na iya zama. sake dawowa cikin yanayi, kuma wasu benzene, barasa da lipids suna cikin abubuwa biyu masu girma-girma da manyan abubuwa);

(3) A lokacin aikin fesa, isar da iska ta tilastawa da ayyukan shaye-shaye wajibi ne, tare da babban ƙarar iska mai shayewa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta. Don haka, maganin shafawa na iskar gas yana da wahala, farashin magani yana da yawa, kuma tasirin magani ba shi da kyau, wanda ke da wahala a cikin jiyya da hayaƙin VOC na masana'antu a cikin ƙasata. A cikin wasu manyan masana'antu da ke da alaƙa da fasahar zane-zane a cikin ƙasata, kamar kera motoci da kula da su, kayan ɗaki, kayan gida, masana'anta da kera kayan aiki, masana'antar bututu, ginin jirgi, kwantena, da dai sauransu, maganin fesa iskar gas yana da dai dai. ya fara a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi maganin ƙaramin ɓangaren iskar gas ɗin, kuma kayan aikin jiyya da ke akwai suna da ƙarancin aiki, rashin yanayin aiki da ƙarancin rage fitar da iska. Da yake ƙasarmu babbar ƙasa ce mai masana'antu, a cikin manyan masana'antun gurɓataccen gurɓataccen iska mai dumbin yawa na VOCs, kamar kera kayan daki, kwantena, ginin jirgi, motoci, kayan gida, da sauransu, duk suna da babban kaso a duniya. Saboda haka, a nan gaba na ƙasata ta kafaffen tushen masana'antu VOCs rage yawan hayaki, kula da shafe sharar gas ne babban fifiko.

shirin ci gaba

Tare da gyare-gyaren tsari da sauye-sauyen yanayin ci gaba a matsayin babban layi, aiwatar da dabarun daidaitawa, sauye-sauye, ƙididdigewa da haɓakawa, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin manufofin kasa masu dacewa, mayar da hankali kan daidaita tsarin fasahar masana'antu da tsarin ƙungiyoyin kamfanoni, ƙarfafa haɓaka mai zaman kanta da samar da zaman kanta. fasahohi, ma'auni da alamu, da haɓaka haɓaka da haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan suturar muhalli masu dacewa, haɓaka aikace-aikacen sabbin fasahohi da sabbin kayan aiki, da haɓaka canjin layukan samar da shafi na yanzu waɗanda ba su da kyau a cikin yanayin kiyaye makamashi da kare muhalli.

1) Haɓaka haɓaka samfuran suturar muhalli

Shafi mai narkewa: A cikin tsarin suturar samfuran kera, farashin suturar ya kasance ƙasa da 20% na duk farashin sutura, sauran 80 kuma shine farashin da ake cinyewa a cikin tsarin sutura. Sabili da haka, rage abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta (VOC) a cikin sutura, rage girman tsarin aiki, inganta tsarin layin layi, tsara tsarin samar da hankali, da inganta ƙimar farko na samfurin, wanda zai iya rage farashin gaba ɗaya. abin hawa da adana makamashi da kare muhalli. Abubuwan kariya na muhalli: haɓaka aikace-aikacen sabbin fasahohi irin su tushen ruwa, ƙarancin ƙarfi (ruwan foda, kayan shafa mai warkarwa na radiation) da babban bambanci.

2) Haɓaka aikace-aikacen sabbin fasaha da sabbin kayan aiki

Alal misali, ga dukan zanen abin hawa, ana inganta tsarin tsaka-tsakin da ba tare da sutura ba na dukan zanen abin hawa, a lokaci guda, an kawar da tsarin nika na tsaka-tsakin, an sauƙaƙe layin samar da zanen, rage gurɓataccen muhalli, kuma an rage fitar da sharar gida. Haɓaka amfani da na'urorin feshi ta atomatik don rage yawan fenti (rage yawan fenti), ɗaukar isar da iskar da ke yawo da na'urorin shayewa da daidaita na'urorin sarrafa VOCs. Haɓaka ingantaccen inganci da na'urorin sarrafa VOCs masu ceton kuzari don rage farashin aiki.

3) Hanzarta da canji na data kasance shafi samar Lines 

 Yawancin layukan samar da suturar da ake amfani da su a kasar Sin ba su da inganci a fannin fasaha, kayan aiki da fasaha, kuma ba su da na'urorin kula da VOC, wanda ke haifar da gurbacewar muhalli da yawa. Manufofin kasa da suka dace sun karkata zuwa ga wannan. Canji da haɓaka layin samarwa shine babban fifiko don rage fitar da VOCs.

4) Ƙaddamar da tsara manufofin ƙasa masu dacewa, suna da ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodi game da jiyya da fitar da VOCs, da kuma kafa tsarin kulawa na dogon lokaci don amfani da na'urorin magani na VOCs.

Shiga wannan labarin ： Binciken halin da ake ciki na kayan aiki na kayan aiki da tsare-tsaren ci gaba na gaba

Bayanin Sake Buga: Idan babu umarni na musamman, duk labaran kan wannan rukunin yanar gizon na asali ne. Da fatan za a nuna tushen don sake bugawa:https://www.cncmachiningptj.com

PTJ® masana'anta ne na musamman wanda ke ba da cikakkiyar sandunan tagulla, sassan tagulla da kuma sassan jan karfe. Ayyukan masana'antu na yau da kullun sun haɗa da ɓata lokaci, ɗaukar hoto, smithing tagulla, waya edm ayyuka, etching, forming da lankwasawa, bacin rai, zafi ƙirƙira da dannawa, da huɗawa da naushi, da murɗa zare da dunƙulewa, da shewa. Multi spindle machining, extrusion da ƙirƙira ƙarfe da kuma stam. Aikace-aikace sun haɗa da sandunan bas, masu sarrafa lantarki, igiyoyi na coaxial, waveguides, abubuwan transistor, bututun microwave, bututun mold, da kuma foda metallurgy tankuna extrusion.

Faɗa mana kaɗan game da kasafin kuɗin aikin ku da lokacin bayarwa da ake tsammani. Za mu ba da dabara tare da ku don samar da mafi kyawun ayyuka masu tsada don taimaka muku cimma burin ku, Maraba ku tuntuɓe mu kai tsaye ( sales@pintejin.com ).