Aikace-aikacen Fasaha Na Mahimmancin Mahimmanci da Machining Mai Sauri

Tsarin CNC yana jujjuya shirin sashin shigarwa zuwa yanayin sifa, ƙimar ciyarwa da sauran bayanan umarni da za a sarrafa, kuma yana ci gaba da aika umarnin matsayi zuwa kowane axis na servo. Don samun saurin sauri da madaidaicin madaidaici, CNC dole ne ya zaɓi ƙimar abinci mafi kyau bisa ga yanayin sifa na ɓangaren mashin ɗin, kuma ya samar da umarnin matsayi a mafi girman ƙimar ciyarwa a cikin daidaitattun yarda. Musamman a sasanninta da ƙananan radius, CNC ya kamata ya iya ƙayyade yawan canjin saurin mashin ɗin zai shafi daidaito, kuma kafin kayan aiki ya kai ga irin wannan batu, saurin tangent na kayan aiki yana raguwa ta atomatik. Don ƙirar ƙira, ɓangaren shirye-shiryen gabaɗaya kaɗan ne, amma shirin yana da tsayi sosai, don haka dole ne a yi amfani da hanyoyin sarrafawa na musamman don cimma daidaiton ƙima da mashin ɗin sauri. Tsarin servo yana buƙatar ingantacciyar tuƙi da sauri don aiwatar da ingantattun sassa na inji a babban gudu. Saboda wannan dalili, tsarin servo dole ne ya sami ikon amsawa da sauri da kuma kawar da damuwa. A lokaci guda, tsarin servo bazai haifar da girgiza ba kuma ya kawar da resonance tare da kayan aikin injin.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don CNC don ingantattun mashin ɗin da sauri za a iya taƙaita su kamar haka:

• (1) Yana iya sarrafa tubalan a babban gudun.
• (2) Ana iya sarrafa kwararar bayanai da sarrafa sauri da daidai don rage kuskuren injin.
• (3) Yana iya rage girman tasirin inji kuma ya sa kayan aikin injin ya motsa cikin sauƙi.
• (4) Dole ne ya kasance yana da isasshen ƙarfin da zai ba da damar manyan shirye-shiryen injina su yi aiki cikin sauri; ko kuma suna da ikon watsa bayanai masu yawa ta hanyar sadarwar.
• (5) Servo Motors, spindle Motors da firikwensin tare da babban ƙuduri da babban gudun aiki.
• (6) Domin ana sarrafa shi cikin sauri, aminci da aminci suna da mahimmanci.

Maɗaukakin sauri da madaidaicin ayyuka sun haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• 1. Gudanar da ciyar da ciyarwa da haɓaka (raguwa) ayyukan mashin (ciki har da mashin haɓakar kusurwa): Kuskuren a cikin mashin mai sauri yana haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar haɓakar haɓakar tsarin sarrafawa (raguwa) da ƙarancin tsarin servo. Don haka, tsarin kulawa dole ne yayi ƙoƙarin rage kurakurai a cikin waɗannan bangarorin biyu. Misali, ana amfani da sarrafa ciyarwa don rage kurakuran da aka samu ta hanyar servo lag. Yi amfani da fasahar servo na dijital don inganta sarrafa servo. Saboda amfani da fasahar servo na dijital, za a iya inganta saurin gudu da matsayi na tsarin servo, don haka rage kuskuren da servo lag ya haifar. Rage kuskuren da ke haifar da raguwar saurin gudu. A cikin injina mai sauri, haɓakawa (raguwa) da ƙimar ciyarwa sune mafi mahimmancin sigogi. Sai kawai ta tsananin sarrafa hanzari (raguwa) da ƙimar ciyarwa a cikin nau'ikan injina daban-daban na iya yin babban sauri. aiwatar da aiki a gane. Babban adadin ciyarwa zai haifar da manyan kurakurai a lokacin sauye-sauyen tsarin, kamar sasanninta. Don cimma mashin ɗin sauri, dole ne a sarrafa adadin ciyarwa. Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da hanzari (raguwa) kafin shiga tsakani kuma na iya rage kuskuren da aka samu ta hanyar hanzari (raguwa).
• 2. Duba gaba iko. Idan ciyarwa da haɓakawa da haɓakawa an riga an ƙididdige su a cikin nau'ikan mashin ɗin daban-daban, tsarin CNC zai iya yin lissafin yanayin motsi da saurin motsi; wato kafin aiwatar da shirin da za a gudanar, bisa ga abubuwan da aka ambata a sama na sarrafa abinci da haɓakawa da hanyoyin ragewa, kafin ƙididdige yawan ciyarwa da haɓakawa da raguwar wasu ɓangarori na shirye-shiryen, sannan ƙididdige motsin yanayin yanayin geometric shine to. aika zuwa ga ma'ajin ɓangarori da yawa. Lokacin aiki, kayan aikin yana motsawa a a high gudun cnc machining a wani ɗan gudun hijira, amma kuskuren siffar mashin ɗin har yanzu ƙananan ne. Wannan ita ce ka'idar "ikon gaba", wani lokaci ana kiranta "ikon gaba" da "ikon gaba".
• 3. Yin amfani da babban saurin rarraba buffer mai nisa da aikin DNC, ya zama dole don canja wurin shirin da sauri daga tashar shigarwa zuwa tsarin CNC don machining sassan da ke kunshe da babban adadin shirye-shirye. Bayan CNC ya karanta shirin, yana ƙididdige bayanan shirin, yana samar da bugun jini ga kowane axis, sannan a aika shi zuwa tsarin servo don sa motar servo ta gudana. Lokacin samar da bugun jini da aka keɓe (lokacin yin aikin sashin shirin) muhimmin abu ne a cikin aikin CNC. Don sashin shirin, aikin DNC mai sauri yana ba da damar (ta amfani da buffers mai nisa) lokacin da ake buƙata don samar da bugun jini yana raguwa sosai. Wannan aikin yana rage raguwar bugun jini don samar da toshe, don haka tabbatar da cewa shirin da ya ƙunshi jerin ƙananan tubalan baya tsayawa tsakanin tubalan. Misali, lokacin yin aikin DNC, shirin da ya ƙunshi jerin 1mm blocks (3-axis linear interpolation) zai iya aiki a cikin saurin 60m/min, kuma ba za a katse aiwatar da aikin da aka sanya ba. Saboda yin amfani da aikin buffer mai nisa, ana samun shigar da bayanai cikin sauri, wanda kuma yana tabbatar da yin aiki mai sauri.
• 4. Inganta ƙudurin tsarin. Misali, aikin nano-interpolation. Yana amfani da processor tare da RISC mai sauri. Haɗin kai a cikin nanometers don injina na iya sa injin ya dace da aikin injin tare da mafi kyawun ƙimar ciyarwa.
• 5. Sarrafa ƙwanƙwasa. Lokacin da lanƙwan ke motsawa, canjin hanzari na iya haifar da girgizar injina. Kula da jerk shine don gano irin wannan motsi ta atomatik don rage saurin gudu da rage girgiza injin don rage ƙimar ƙarancin ƙasa.
• 6. NURBS interpolation: Lokacin amfani da CAD don ƙirƙira ƙira, NURBS ana amfani da su sosai don bayyana lanƙwasa kyauta. Idan aka kwatanta da CNC na gabaɗaya, NURBS yana da ƙimar watsawa mafi girma da ɗan gajeren shiri. A lokaci guda, sassan da aka yi amfani da su sun fi kusa da lissafi na ƙirar CAD.

Don ayyuka masu sauri, madaidaicin mashin, lokacin zabar, ya dogara da ko an zaɓi aikin bisa ga saurin injin ko daidaiton injin. Domin tabbatar da cewa kuskuren machining na tsarin mai sauri yana da ƙananan, tsarin yana buƙatar na'urar ramuwa kuskure. Waɗannan ramuwa sun haɗa da: cikakken diyya madaidaiciyar bugun jini da diyya ta lankwasawa mara nauyi, ramuwa mai ƙarfi, ramuwa koma baya, ramuwa sama da huɗu, ɓangarorin kayan aiki da faɗaɗa thermal, juzu'i mai ƙarfi, ramuwa mai ƙarfi, da sauransu Tare da yawancin ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa da fakitin software, mafi kyawun tsarin. dace da inji kayan aikin za a iya gina.

• (1) Gudanarwa ta tsakiya. Ana iya amfani da kwamfuta ɗaya don sarrafa kayan aikin injin da yawa, wanda ya dace don saka idanu, gudana da ayyukan injin, da watsawa da sarrafa shirye-shiryen NC.
• (2) Tallafin nesa da sabis. A nan gaba, CNC yana cikin yanayi mai sauri, don haka abubuwan da ake buƙata don aminci suna da yawa. Ayyukan dubawa sau biyu muhimmin ma'auni ne don tabbatar da aikin aminci na tsarin CNC.

Mahimmanci, fasaha mai sauri mai sauri shine haɓaka fasahar injinan gargajiya, ba shi da wani muhimmin bambanci da na gargajiya. Cibiyar CNC. Don inganci mai inganci, inji mai sauri, Makasudin kayan aikin injin shine aiwatar da sassa masu mahimmanci a cikin babban sauri. Don cimma mashin ɗin sauri mai sauri bisa ga daidaito, akwai abubuwa masu mahimmanci guda uku: tsarin injiniya, na'urar sarrafa lambobi na CNC da na'urar tuƙi. Mashina mai sauri da madaidaici yana buƙatar kayan aikin injin don samun ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da sassa masu motsi masu sauƙi, musamman ma kayan abinci da sassan layi. Na biyu shine tsarin kula da lambobi na CNC, wanda shine naúrar da ke ba da umarnin gudu da matsayi. Da farko, ana buƙatar cewa ana iya watsa umarnin daidai da sauri. Bayan mashin ɗin, ana ba da umarnin matsayi ga kowane axis ɗin daidaitawa. Dole ne tsarin servo ya fitar da kayan aiki don motsawa daidai bisa ga umarnin.

Shiga wannan labarin ： Aikace-aikacen Fasaha Na Mahimmancin Mahimmanci da Machining Mai Sauri

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